Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) System

The Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC)

OVERVIEW

The Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) system utilizes a process where fuel particles are suspended in a hot, bubbling bed of ash, sand, limestone, and other granular materials. Jets of air are blown through the bed, supplying oxygen for combustion or gasification.

This vigorous and uniform mixing of air and solids results in rapid heat transfer and efficient chemical reactions, enhancing overall combustion performance.

FBC system classifications

FBC technology is typically categorized into:

Atmospheric systems (FBC)
Pressurized systems (PFBC)

With two subtypes:

Bubbling Fluidized Bed (BFB)
Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB)

This technology is well-suited for industries such as sugar mills, paper processing, food production, and feed manufacturing.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Design & Engineering: According to ASME and Vietnamese Standards (TCVN)
Fabrication & Assembly: In compliance with ASME and TCVN
Evaporation Capacity: 10,000 – 300,000 kg/h
Design Pressure: 10 – 150 bar(g)
Fuel Types: Indonesian coal and biomass
Boiler Efficiency: Up to 87%

SYSTEM LAYOUT & OPERATION

Operating Principle:

The FBC system is built as a closed fuel feeding system, consisting of:

Fuel receiving hopper
Bucket elevator
Main fuel storage silo
Buffer silo and conveyor system for controlled feeding into the combustion chamber

After combustion, flue gas is directed to an economizer unit, which recovers waste heat and reuses it to improve overall boiler efficiency.

Remaining flue gas, having minimal recoverable energy, is passed through a dry dust collector (bag filter) to remove fine particulates before being safely released through the stack into the atmosphere.